Knowledge

Represents text that must be isolated from its surrounding for bidirectional text formatting. It allows embedding a span of text with a different, or unknown, directionality

Specifies background music

<big>

Specifies big text

<blink>

Specifies a text which blinks

Specifies a long quotation

<body>

Specifies the body element

<br>

Inserts a single line break

Specifies a push button

For making graphics with a script

Specifies a table caption

Deprecated. Specifies centered text

<cite>

Specifies a citation

<code>

Specifies computer code text

<col>

Specifies attributes for table columns

Specifies groups of table columns

Puts a comment in the document

A list of options for input values

<dd>

Specifies a definition description

<del>

Specifies deleted text

<dfn>

Specifiesa definition term

Specifiesa dialog box or window

<dir>

Deprecated. Specifies a directory list

<div>

Specifies a section in a document

<dl>

Specifies a definition list

<dt>

Specifies a definition term

<em>

Specifies emphasized text

<embed>

Specifiesa container for an external (non-HTML) application

Specifies a fieldset

Specifiesa caption for a <figure> element

Specifies self-contained content

<font>

Deprecated. Specifies text font, size, and color

Specifies a footer for a document or section

<form>

Specifies a form

<frame>

Specifies a sub window (a frame)

Specifies a set of frames

Specifies header 1 to header 6

<head>

Specifies information about the document

Specifies a header for a document or section

<hr>

Specifies a horizontal rule

<html>

Specifies an html document

<i>

Specifies italic text

Specifies an inline sub window (frame)

Specifies an inline layer

<img>

Specifies an image

<input>

Specifies an input field

<ins>

Specifies inserted text

Deprecated. Specifies a single-line input field

<kbd>

Specifies keyboard text

Generate key information in a form

<label>

Specifies a label for a form control

<layer>

Specifies a layer

Specifies a title in a fieldset

<li>

Specifies a list item

<link>

Specifies a resource reference

<main>

Specifies the main or important content in the document. There is only one

element in the document

<map>

Specifies an image map

<mark>

Specifies a text highlighted for reference purposes, that is for its relevance in another context

Creates a scrolling-text marquee

<menu>

Deprecated. Specifies a menu list

Specifies a command/menu item that the user can invoke from a popup menu

<meta>

Specifies meta data of an html document which is not displayed on the page

<meter>

Specifies a scalar measurement within a known range (a gauge)

Specifies a multicolumn text flow

<nav>

Specifies a section that contains only navigation links

<nobr>

No breaks allowed in the enclosed text

Specifies content to be presented by browsers that do not support the <embed>tag

Specifies a noframe section

Specifies a noscript section

Specifies an embedded object

<ol>

Specifies an ordered list

Specifies an option group

Specifies an option in a drop-down list

Specifies the result of a calculation

<p>

Specifies a paragraph

<param>

Specifies a parameter for an object

Deprecated. Render the remainder of the document as preformatted plain text

<pre>

Specifies preformatted text

Specifies a completion progress of a task

<q>

Specifies a short quotation

<rp>

Specifies to show browsers that do not support the ruby element

<rt>

Specifies an text ruby annotation

<ruby>

Specifies an ruby annotation

<s>

Deprecated. Specifies strikethrough text

<samp>

Specifies sample computer code

Specifies a script

Specifies a section in a document

Specifies a selectable list

Specifies a white space

<small>

Specifies small text

Specifies a media resources for media elements, defined inside video or audio elements

<span>

Specifies a section in a document

Deprecated. Specifies strikethrough text

Specifies strong text

<style>

Specifies a style definition

<sub>

Specifies subscripted text

Specifies a summary, caption, or legend for a given <details>

<sup>

Specifies superscripted text

<table>

Specifies a table

<tbody>

Specifies a table body

<td>

Specifies a table cell

Specifies a text area

<tfoot>

Specifies a table footer

<th>

Specifies a table heading

<thead>

Specifies a table header

<time>

Specifies a date and time <details>

<title>

Specifies the document title

<tr>

Specifies a table row

<track>

Specifies a text tracks used in mediaplayers

<tt>

Specifies teletype text

<u>

Deprecated. Specifies underlined text

<ul>

Specifies an unordered list

<var>

Specifies a variable

<video>

Specifies a text tracks used in media players

<wbr>

Indicates a potential word break point within a <nobr> section

<xmp>

Deprecated. Specifies preformatted text

There are few HTML attributes which are standard and associated to all the HTML tags. These attributes are listed here with a brief description.

Global Attributes

Not valid in base, head, html, meta, param, script, style, and title elements.

Attribute	HTML-5	Description
accesskey		Specifies a shortcut key for an element to be used in place of keyboard.
class		The class of the element
contenteditable	Yes	Boolean attribute to specify whether the element is editable or not.
contextmenu	Yes	Specifies a context menu for an element.
data-*	Yes	Used to store custom data associated with the element.
draggable	Yes	Boolean attribute to specify whether the element can be dragged or not.
dropzone	Yes	Specifies whether the dragged data is copied, moved, or linked, when dropped.
hidden	Yes	Specifies whether element should be visible or not.
id		A unique id for the element
spellcheck	Yes	Specifies if the element must have it's spelling or grammar checked.
style		An inline style definition
tabindex		Specifies the tab order of an element.
title		A text to display in a tool tip
translate	Yes	Boolean attribute specifies whether the content of an element should be translated or not

Language Attributes

The lang attribute indicates the language being used for the enclosed content. The language is identified using the ISO standard language abbreviations, such as fr for French, en for English, and so on.

RFC 1766 (http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1766.txt) describes these codes and their formats.

Not valid in base, br, frame, frameset, hr, iframe, param, and script elements.

Attribute	Value	Description
dir	ltr \| rtl	Sets the text direction
lang	language_code	Sets the language code

When users visit your website, they do things like click various links, bring mouse over text and images etc. These are examples of what we call events in JavaScript and VBScript terminologies.

We can write our event handlers using JavaScript or VBScript and can specify some actions to be taken against these events. Though these are the events but they will be specified as attributes for the HTML tags.

The HTML 4.01 specification had defined 19 events but later HTML-5 has added many other events which we have listed down here −

Window Events Attributes

Following events have been introduced in older versions of HTML but all the tags marked with

are part of HTML-5.

Events	HTML-5	Description
onafterprint		Triggers after a document is printed
onbeforeprint		Triggers before a document is printed
onbeforeonload		Triggers before a document loads
onerror		Triggers when an error occurs
onhaschange		Triggers when a document has changed
onload		Triggers when a document loads
onmessage		Triggers when a message is triggered
onoffline		Triggers when a document goes offline
ononline		Triggers when a document comes online
onpagehide		Triggers when a window is hidden
onpageshow		Triggers when a window becomes visible
onpopstate		Triggers when a window's history changes
onredo		Triggers when a document performs a redo
onresize		Triggers when a window is resized
onstorage		Triggers when a document loads
onundo		Triggers when a document performs an undo
onunload		Triggers when a user leaves the document

Form Events

Following tags have been introduced in older versions of HTML but all the tags marked with

are part of HTML-5.

Events	HTML-5	Description
onblur		Triggers when a window loses focus
onchange		Triggers when an element changes
oncontextmenu		Triggers when a context menu is triggered
onfocus		Triggers when a window gets focus
onformchange		Triggers when a form changes
onforminput		Triggers when a form gets user input
oninput		Triggers when an element gets user input
oninvalid		Triggers when an element is invalid
onreset		Triggers when a form is reset
onselect		Triggers when an element is selected
onsubmit		Triggers when a form is submitted

Keyboard Events

Events	HTML-5	Description
onkeydown		Triggers when a key is pressed
onkeypress		Triggers when a key is pressed and released
onkeyup		Triggers when a key is released

Mouse Events

Following tags have been introduced in older versions of HTML but all the tags marked with

are part of HTML-5.

Events	HTML-5	Description
onclick		Triggers on a mouse click
ondblclick		Triggers on a mouse double-click
ondrag		Triggers when an element is dragged
ondragend		Triggers at the end of a drag operation
ondragenter		Triggers when an element has been dragged to a valid drop target
ondragleave		Triggers when an element leaves a valid drop target
ondragover		Triggers when an element is being dragged over a valid drop target
ondragstart		Triggers at the start of a drag operation
ondrop		Triggers when a dragged element is being dropped
onmousedown		Triggers when a mouse button is pressed
onmousemove		Triggers when the mouse pointer moves
onmouseout		Triggers when the mouse pointer moves out of an element
onmouseover		Triggers when the mouse pointer moves over an element
onmouseup		Triggers when a mouse button is released
onmousewheel		Triggers when the mouse wheel is being rotated
onscroll		Triggers when an element's scrollbar is being scrolled

Media Events

Following tags have been introduced in older versions of HTML but all the tags marked with

are part of HTML-5.

Events	HTML-5	Description
onabort		Triggers on an abort event
oncanplay		Triggers when a media can start play, but might has to stop for buffering
oncanplaythrough		Triggers when a media can be played to the end, without stopping for buffering
ondurationchange		Triggers when the length of a media is changed
onemptied		Triggers when a media resource element suddenly becomes empty.
onended		Triggers when a media has reached the end
onerror		Triggers when an error occurs
onloadeddata		Triggers when media data is loaded
onloadedmetadata		Triggers when the duration and other media data of a media element is loaded
onloadstart		Triggers when the browser starts loading the media data
onpause		Triggers when media data is paused
onplay		Triggers when media data is going to start playing
onplaying		Triggers when media data has started playing
onprogress		Triggers when the browser is fetching the media data
onratechange		Triggers when the playing rate of media data has changed
onreadystatechange		Triggers when the ready-state changes
onseeked		Triggers when the seeking attribute of a media element is no longer true, and the seeking has ended
onseeking		Triggers when the seeking attribute of a media element is true, and the seeking has begun
onstalled		Triggers when there is an error in fetching media data
onsuspend		Triggers when the browser has been fetching media data, but stopped before the entire media file was fetched
ontimeupdate		Triggers when media changes its playing position
onvolumechange		Triggers when a media changes the volume, also when volume is set to "mute"
onwaiting		Triggers when media has stopped playing, but is expected to resume

Fonts are specific to platform. You will have different look and feel of a web page on different machines running different operating systems like Windows, Linux or Mac iOS. Here we are giving a list of fonts which are available in various operating systems.

HTML <font> tag is deprecated in version 4.0 onwards and now all fonts are set by using CSS. Here is the simple syntax of setting font of a body of web page.

body {
   font-family: "new century schoolbook";
}  
or  
<body style = "font-family:new century schoolbook;">

Example

Live Demo

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

   <head>
      <title>Font Setting Using CSS</title>
   </head>

   <body>
      <p>Change any of the style and try it.</p>
      <div style = "font-family:verdana;">This is demo for font family</div>
      <br />
      
      <div style = "font-size:120%;">This is demo for font size</div>
      <br />
      
      <div style = "font-size:14pt;">This is demo for font size</div>
   </body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

Fonts for Microsoft Systems

Font	Font	Font
Andale Mono	Arial	Arial Bold
Arial Italic	Arial Bold Italic	Arial Black
Comic Sans MS	Comic Sans MS Bold	Courier New
Courier New Bold	Courier New Italic	Courier New Bold Italic
Georgia	Georgia Bold	Georgia Italic
Georgia Bold Italic	Impact	Lucida Console
Lucida Sans Unicode	Marlett	Minion Web
Symbol	Times New Roman	Times New Roman Bold
Times New Roman Italic	Times New Roman Bold Italic	Tahoma
Trebuchet MS	Trebuchet MS Bold	Trebuchet MS Italic
Trebuchet MS Bold Italic	Verdana	Verdana Bold
Verdana Italic	Verdana Bold Italic	Webdings

You can check example fonts here − Microsoft Fonts Examples

Fonts for Macintosh Systems

Following is the list of fonts supported by Macintosh System 7 and higher versions

Font	Font	Font
American Typewriter	Andale Mono	Apple Chancery
Arial	Arial Black	Brush Script
Baskerville	Big Caslon	Comic Sans MS
Copperplate	Courier New	Gill Sans
Futura	Herculanum	Impact
Lucida Grande	Marker Felt	Optima
Trebuchet MS	Verdana	Webdings
Palatino	Symbol	Times
Osaka	Papyrus	Times New Roman
Textile	Zapf Dingbats	Zapfino
Techno	Hoefler Text	Skia
Hoefler Text Ornaments	Capitals	Charcoal
Gadget	Sand

You can check example fonts here − Mac Fonts Examples

Fonts for Unix Systems

Following is the list of fonts supported by most Unix System variants

Font	Font	Font
Charter	Clean	Courier
Fixed	Helvetica	Lucida
Lucida bright	Lucida Typewriter	New Century Schoolbook
Symbol	Terminal	Times
Utopia

You can check example fonts here − Unix Fonts Examples

HTML ASCII Codes

There are 2⁷ = 128 printable characters which can be represented by different 7-BIT ASCII codes. Another set of characters are not for HTML representation but they are devised to control hardware.

Following tables list down all the 7-BIT ASCII codes and their equivalent HTML Entity Codes.

If you want to see equivalent HEX, OCT and extended set of ASCII codes then check next chapter.

7-BIT Printable ASCII Characters

ASCII Characters	Description	HTML Entity Codes
	space
!	exclamation mark	!
"	quotation mark	"
#	number sign	#
$	dollar sign	$
%	percent sign	%
&	ampersand	&
'	apostrophe	'
(	left parenthesis	(
)	right parenthesis	)
*	asterisk	*
+	plus sign	+
,	comma	,
-	hyphen	-
.	period	.
/	slash	/
0	digit 0	0
1	digit 1	1
2	digit 2	2
3	digit 3	3
4	digit 4	4
5	digit 5	5
6	digit 6	6
7	digit 7	7
8	digit 8	8
9	digit 9	9
:	colon	:
;	semicolon	;
<	less-than	<
=	equals-to	=
>	greater-than	>
?	question mark	?
@	at sign	@
A	uppercase A	A
B	uppercase B	B
C	uppercase C	C
D	uppercase D	D
E	uppercase E	E
F	uppercase F	F
G	uppercase G	G
H	uppercase H	H
I	uppercase I	I
J	uppercase J	J
K	uppercase K	K
L	uppercase L	L
M	uppercase M	M
N	uppercase N	N
O	uppercase O	O
P	uppercase P	P
Q	uppercase Q	Q
R	uppercase R	R
S	uppercase S	S
T	uppercase T	T
U	uppercase U	U
V	uppercase V	V
W	uppercase W	W
X	uppercase X	X
Y	uppercase Y	Y
Z	uppercase Z	Z
[	left square bracket	[
\	backslash	\
]	right square bracket	]
^	caret	^
_	underscore	_
`	grave accent	`
a	lowercase a	a
b	lowercase b	b
c	lowercase c	c
d	lowercase d	d
e	lowercase e	e
f	lowercase f	f
g	lowercase g	g
h	lowercase h	h
i	lowercase i	i
j	lowercase j	j
k	lowercase k	k
l	lowercase l	l
m	lowercase m	m
n	lowercase n	n
o	lowercase o	o
p	lowercase p	p
q	lowercase q	q
r	lowercase r	r
s	lowercase s	s
t	lowercase t	t
u	lowercase u	u
v	lowercase v	v
w	lowercase w	w
x	lowercase x	x
y	lowercase y	y
z	lowercase z	z
{	left curly brace	{
\|	vertical bar	\|
}	right curly brace	}
~	tilde	~

7-BIT ASCII Device Control Characters

ASCII Characters	Description	HTML Entity Codes
NUL	null character
SOH	start of header
STX	start of text
ETX	end of text
EOT	end of transmission
ENQ	enquiry
ACK	acknowledge
BEL	bell (ring)
BS	backspace
HT	horizontal tab
LF	line feed
VT	vertical tab
FF	form feed
CR	carriage return
SO	shift out
SI	shift in
DLE	data link escape
DC1	device control 1
DC2	device control 2
DC3	device control 3
DC4	device control 4
NAK	negative acknowledge
SYN	synchronize
ETB	end transmission block
CAN	cancel
EM	end of medium
SUB	substitute
ESC	escape
FS	file separator
GS	group separator
RS	record separator
US	unit separator
DEL	delete (rubout)	&#127

Knowledge

Friday, 21 December 2018

Global Attributes

Language Attributes

Window Events Attributes

Form Events

Keyboard Events

Mouse Events

Media Events

Example

Fonts for Microsoft Systems

Fonts for Macintosh Systems

Fonts for Unix Systems

HTML ASCII Codes

7-BIT Printable ASCII Characters

7-BIT ASCII Device Control Characters

No comments:

Post a Comment

Featured Post

Pages

Search This Blog